Valentine’s Day has been around for centuries, but it didn’t always include chocolates and heart-shaped cards. Some suggest it comes from Lupercalia. Back in ancient Rome, people celebrated a violent Pagan festival called Lupercalia in mid-February.  During Lupercalia, ritualistic animal sacrifice and other violent actions were performed to protect from evil spirits and increase fertility. During this celebration, random matchmaking was also conducted. Later, in the 14th century, it is theorized the holiday was reshaped and combined with St. Valentine’s Day after Pope Gelasius attempted to erase the Pagan holiday due to deciding it was “un-Christian.”

St. Valentine’s Day is theorized to have been named after multiple martyrs by the name of Valentine. Another theory begins with Emperor Claudius II, during the 3rd century of Rome, believing that single men were better soldiers so he outlawed marriage. It is suggested that in secret, a man named Saint Valentine continued to validate marriages and that’s where the re-branding of Lupercalia came from. Over time, the day became less about history and more about love. Eventually, handwritten notes in the Middle Ages evolved into the greeting cards seen everywhere today.

But Valentine’s Day isn’t just about romance anymore. While couples still exchange gifts and go on dates, the holiday has expanded to celebrate all kinds of love. Friendships, family bonds, and self-love are all appreciated on the holiday. Schools even host Valentine’s exchanges, coworkers bring gifts for the office, and some people take the day as an excuse to treat themselves to something special.

Not everyone loves the holiday and that’s okay, too. It can be a tough time for those who feel left out. But remember, Valentine’s Day is about appreciation. Whether it is sending a text to a friend or spending time with family, Valentine’s Day is whatever you make of it.